Liquid and Gas Flowmetering and Custody Measurement: Multiphase, Ultrasonic and Loss Control Training

Introduction

This course will familiarize process, instrumentation, and custody transfer engineers with the procedures and practices involved in the choice of flow metering systems and their associated supporting equipment. It will address these points in relation to both single- and multi-phase flows and will give guidance on the optimum commercially available flowmeters through a detailed comparison of their relative merits. Flowmeter calibration is crucial to these topics. The course will also cover the related issues of level and tank measurement as well as lease automatic custody transfer and truck custody transfer, leak detection, loss control, and monitor and control production losses.

Objectives

Upon the successful completion of this workshop, participants will be able to:-

• Apply an in-depth knowledge to the topics of liquid and gas flow metering and custody measurement as well as to the fluid mechanics of pipe flows
• Assess flow measurement uncertainty in terms of the actual flowrate
• Distinguish between the different flowmeter types including delta p, displacement, rotary-inferential, fluid oscillatory, electromagnetic, ultrasonic and Coriolis mass flowmeters and to determine the optimum choice for a given application
• Define and classify the various regimes of multiphase flow measurement and to understand the relative attributes of the main industrial multiphase flowmeters in the determination of flowrate and quality
• Make a considered judgment of the choice of fluid level measurement devices
• Implement OIML Recommendation R117 including its requirements and operation
• Understand the various types of flow calibration, metering system and provers including static and dynamic measurement, meter proving, prover loop and custody transfer
• Carry out tank measurement and tank calibration methods and to calculate net sellable quantities
• Explain in detail the different types, methods, and techniques used in lease automatic custody transfer and truck custody transfer
• Discuss pipeline considerations made in the metering of liquid products
• Employ systematic techniques in leak detection, loss control, monitor and control production losses
• Apply the various API standards applicable to custody measurement

Training Methodology

This is an interactive course. There will be open question and answer sessions, regular group exercises and activities, videos, case studies, and presentations on best practice. Participants will have the opportunity to share with the facilitator and other participants on what works well and not so well for them, as well as work on issues from their own organizations. The online course is conducted online using MS-Teams/ClickMeeting.

Who Should Attend?

This course provides an overview of all significant aspects and considerations of liquid and gas flow metering and custody measurement for instrumentation, inspection, control, custody, metering and process engineers, and other technical staff. Further, piping engineers, pipelines engineers, mechanical engineers, operations engineers, maintenance engineers, plant/field supervisors and foremen, and loss control coordinators will also benefit from this course.

Course Outline

Flow metering Overview

• Introduction to Pipeline Flowmetering with Highlighted Problem Areas
• Flow Measurement Accuracy
• Flow Measurement Uncertainty
• Repeatability and Reproducibility
• Basic Statistics (Average and Standard Deviation)
• Calibration Graphs
• Flow Conditioners & Operational Issues

Fluid Mechanics of Pipe Flows

• Laminar Flows and Turbulent Flows
• Pipe Velocity Distributions
• Worked Examples
• Pipe Fitting Losses

Flowmeter Types

• Orifice Meters
• Critical Flow Element
• Venturi Meters
• Flow Nozzles
• Variable Area Meters
• Pitot Tubes and Pitot Static Tubes
• Target Flowmeters
• Helical Gear Meter
• Nutating Disc Meter
• Piston Meter
• Turbine Flowmeters
• Vortex Shedding Meters
• Electromagnetic Meters
• Ultrasonic Flowmeters
• Coriolis Mass Meters
• Cross-Correlation Methods
• Tracer Methods
• Weighing Methods
• Velocity Profile Integration Techniques

Multiphase Flow Measurement

• Description of Multiphase Flows
• Definitions of Various Associated Terms
• Flow Pattern Classification
• Flow Regimes
• Multiphase Measurement Problems
• Multiphase Meter Classification
• The response of Single-Phase Flowmeters in Multiphase Flows
• Wet Gas Flow Measurement
• Application of Two Flowmeters for Multiphase Flows
• Comparison of various industrial multiphase flowmeters available

Level Measurement

• Buoyancy Tape Systems
• Hydrostatic Pressure
• Ultrasonic Measurement
• Radar Measurement
• Vibration Switches
• Electrical Measurement
• Installation Considerations
• Impact on the Control Loop
• Radar Level Measurement

OIML Recommendation R117

• Introduction
• Scope
• General Requirements
• Field of Operation
• Accuracy Classes
• API MPMS Chapter 5.8

Flow Calibration

• Trends in Calibration
• Types of Calibration Test Rigs
• In Situ Calibration
• Methods of Tank Calibration
• Tank Gauging System
• Tank Measurement Methods
• Calculations of Quantities

Metering System & Provers

• Main Types
• Maintenance
• Problems
• Automatic Sampling
• Prover Calibration Methods: Calculations and Uncertainties
• Prover Calibration Methods: Practical Exercises
• Meter Proving
• Prover Loop
• Prover Loop Calibration
• Field Calibration by Water Draw
• Meter and Prover Troubleshooting/ Overall Measurement Uncertainty

Lease Automatic Custody Transfer

• Introduction
• System Requirements
• Operation
• Equipment

Truck Custody Transfer

• Introduction
• Truck Types
• Typical Equipment
• Performance
• New Developments

Pipeline Meter Considerations

• Introduction
• Flow in a Pipeline
• Pipeline Installation Considerations
• DP Transmitters
• Multi-Port Averaging Pitot

Leak Detection Systems

• Introduction
• API 1130
• A Theoretical or Practical Approach
• Real-Time Transient Model
• Practical Example
• Results and Conclusions

Loss Control Systems

• Introduction
• Custody Transfer Sampling
• Case Studies
• Examples of Delivery Malpractice

Monitoring and Controlling Production Losses

• Introduction
• Types of Leaks
• Meter Proving
• Conclusions

API Standards

• Introduction
• API Gravity
• Classification of Grades
• Temperature Measurement
• Measuring the Suspended S & W Content
• Calculating Net Volume